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forensic science
Forensic science is any scientific field that is applied to the field of law.〔 Forensic scientists are tasked with the collection, preservation, and analysis of scientific evidence during the course of an investigation. While some forensic scientists travel to the scene to collect the evidence themselves, others occupy a purely laboratory role, performing analysis on objects brought to them by other individuals.〔 In addition to their laboratory role, forensic scientists testify as expert witnesses in both criminal and civil cases and can work for either the prosecution or the defense. While any field could technically be ''forensic'', certain sections have developed over time to encompass the majority of forensically related cases.〔 Due to the nature of their position, forensic scientists are expected to uphold a high level of integrity and maintain strict ethical guidelines regarding their work.
==Etymology==
The word ''forensic'' comes from the Latin term ''forēnsis'', meaning "of or before the forum." The history of the term originates from Roman times, during which a criminal charge meant presenting the case before a group of public individuals in the forum. Both the person accused of the crime and the accuser would give speeches based on their sides of the story. The case would be decided in favor of the individual with the best argument and delivery. This origin is the source of the two modern usages of the word ''forensic'' – as a form of legal evidence and as a category of public presentation. In modern use, the term ''forensics'' in the place of ''forensic science'' can be considered correct, as the term ''forensic'' is effectively a synonym for ''legal'' or ''related to courts''. However, the term is now so closely associated with the scientific field that many dictionaries include the meaning that equates the word ''forensics'' with ''forensic science''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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